Abstract Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in epilepsy has been a topic of increasing interest. which in general occurs in 15–35% of the patients with epilepsy. more frequently in those with intellectual disability (ID). Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) and Dravet syndrome (DS) are two typical forms of intractable epileptic encephalopathy associated with ID. https://pipingrockers.shop/product-category/hormone/